Direct motor-driven compressor for air and other fluids.



M. BALLOIRA.

DIRECT MOTOR DRIVEN COMPRESSOR FOR AIR AND OTHER FLUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.6, I918.

1,295,25. Patented Feb. 1919.

2 SHEETSSHEE[ I.

IGR

IVI. BALLOIRA.

DIRECT MOTOR DRIVEN COMPRESSOR FOR AIR AND OTHER FLUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. IQIB. I v 1 295 25@@ Patented Feb. 2:), 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

MARIO BALLOIRA, OF TURIN, ITALY.

MOTOR-DRIVEN GOMPRESSOR FOR AIR AND OTHER FLUIDS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. 25, 919.

Application filed August 6, 1918. Serial No. 248,562.

to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention has for its object to provide an improved motor-compressor, namely, a direct motor-driven compressor, that is to say, a compressor for air or other fluid driven by a motor preferably of the internal combustion type.

The essential characteristic features of the improved motor-compressor consist in ar-.

ranging the several cylinders of the compressor, that are formed preferably in one piece, above the cylinders of the motor that v are also preferably made in one piece, said compressor cylinders being coaxial with the corresponding cylinders of the motor, while the piston of each compressor cylinder is connected directly to the piston of the corresponding motor cylinder by means of a rod extending through a stufiing box in the head of the said motor cylinder; the suction and delivery valves, which are preferably automatic, of each compressor cylinder being arranged preferably in the head of the piston and cylinder respectively.

A constructional form of the improved motor-compressor is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of the'entire motor-compressor.

Fig. 2 is detail vertical section of an en tire motor and compressor cylinder.

Fig. 3 is a detail in vertical section of a modification of the stuffing box constituting the-tight joint for the rod coupling a motor piston with the corresponding compressor piston.

In the example shown in the drawings (Figs. 1 and 2), the motor portion consists of an ordinary internal combustion motor of any suitable type which in the, example shown has four cylinders 1 formed in one piece, their pistons 2 being connected by connectlng rods 3 to the cranks of the shaft 4. Above the motor cylinders 1 formed in one piece, there are-arranged the compressor cylinders 5, likewise preferably made in one piece, fixed by any suitable means to the single piece of the motor cylinder, each compressor cylinder 5 being coaxial with the corresponding motor cylinder. The pistons 6 of the compressor cylinders are coupled to the corresponding pistons 2 of the motor cyllnders by means of a rod 7 connected to the top of each motor piston 2 and to the central sleeve 6' of each compressor piston 6. Each of these rods 7 extend in a tight-jointed manner through a stufiing box Sprovided in the head of each cylinder 2, and extending in a tight manner through the upper cover 9 that closes the water jacket of the motor cylinders. The said stufiing box 8 which 'is designed to prevent gas from escaping from the combustion chamber of the motor cylinder, may be of any suitable constrution, for instance as shown in 'Fig. 2, or in Fig. 3. This last arrangement allows of the use of a rod 7 of larger diameter. The stuffing box '8 must be of suitable height and be provided with packing rings 8 preferably of white metal or other suitable material.

The single pieces of the motor cylinders l and compressor cylinders 5 are formed each with a cavity 1 and 5 respectively for the circulation of cooling water which enters the water jackets at any suitable point, and

passes out through the passages 1" and 5", whence the water is led by a passage 10 through a single radiator 11 through which the surrounding air is drawn by a fan 12 driven by the motor.

The compressor cylinders 5 all end at their lower ends in a common suction chamber 13 of the single piece, which chamber communicates with the outer air by means of an orifice 14 through which the fluid to be compressed is drawn 1n. At their upper ends all the compressor cylinders communicate with their compression chamber 15 into which the compressed fluid is delivered and from which the said fluid is discharged through the outlet 16 on its way to the discharge pipe, and thence if desired through supplementary cooling devices in order to be delivered either directly into the apparatus for its consumption or into a storage reservqir.

The suction and delivery valves for each compressor cylinder in the example shown in the drawings, are automatic and are prov vided respectively at the top of each piston 6 and in the head of each cylinder 5.

The suction valve 17 which opens toward the end of the cylinder 5 has a seat 17 formed on the inner end of the piStOn which is hollow and provided with a central sleeve 6 connected by radial ribs 6" to the body of the piston.v The said valve is mounted so as to be capable of sliding axially in a suitable bore of the rod 7 screwed to the central sleeve 6, and it is forced upon its seat by the spring 18 bearing upon the ribs 6 of the piston and upon the bearing washer 19 which slides on the end of the rod 7 and is connected by means of a key 20 to the valve stem. The discharge valve 21 opening toward the discharge chamber 15, is mounted in the hollow plug 22 which is screwed in the head of the corresponding cylinder 5 of which it forms the end. The valve 21 has a seat 21 formed in the end of the plug 22, and is slidably mounted with its stem inside the sleeve 23 which is connected by the ribs 23' to a ring 23 that is Screwed on the plug 22, and it is forced upon its seat 21 by means of a spring 24.

As already .stated the valves 17 and 21 are automatic in their operation, namely, when the piston 6 in descending performs its suction stroke, the valve 17 opens toward the top and thus allows fluid to pass from the chamber 13 into the cylinder 5. When on the contrary the piston 6 is rising and performing its compression stroke by compressing the fluid that has been drawn into the cylinder 5, the valve 21 opens as soon as the pressure of the said fluid has reached such an amount as to be able to overcome the pressure of the compressed fluid contained in the compression chamber 15 and also the force of the suitably gaged spring 2% which keeps the valve 21 upon its seat.

It is to be understood that the hereinbe-- fore described valves 17 and 21 may have any other suitable shapeand if desired be positively driven instead of being automatic, as is the case in the example shown in'the drawings.

The hereinbefore described motor.-compressor which has substantially the form of an internal combustion motor upon which the single piece of the compressor cylinders has been superposed, is of fairly compact construction and is equal in power to the usual motor drive compressors; it has a very small bulk and weight, and owing to its simplicity it is fairly cheap. I

It is to be understood that this invention is not limited in any way to the precise ar rangements described and shown, and that without departing from its nature it may-be modified in any way which the requirements messes or the conditions of practical work may render necessary or advantageous.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is 1. In a compressor of the character described, the combination of a motor cylinder, a piston the-rein, a compressor cylinder arranged coaxially with the motor cylinder, a piston in the compressor cylinder connected with the piston in the motor cylinder, and suction and delivery valves in the compressor arranged respectively in the head of the compressor piston and in the compressor cylinder.

2. In a compressor of the character described, the combination of a motor cylinder, a piston therein, a compressor cylinder arranged coaxially with the motor cylinder, a piston in the compressor cylinder connected with the 1piston in the motor cylinder and automatical y operated suction and delivery valves in the compressor, arranged respectively in the head of the compressor pis-- ton and in the compressor cylinder.

3. In a compressor of the character described, the combination of a plurality of.

motor cylinders, pistons therein, a plural- .ity of compressor cylinders arranged coaxially with the corresponding motor cylinders, pistons in the compressor cylinders, rods extending through the heads of the motor cylinders 'connecting the corresponding motor and compressor pistons, suction valves mounted in the heads of the compressor pistons, and discharge valves mounted in the heads of the compressor. cylinders.

4.1 1 compressor of the character described, comprising a plurality of motor cyl-' inders formed in one piece, a plurality of compressor cylinders formed in one piece and arranged coaxially with the corresponding motor cylinders, water jackets surrounding the motor and compressor cylinders, and a single water cooling conduit communicating with the water jackets surrounding the motor and compressor cylinders. 5. A compressor of the character described, comprising a battery of motor cylinders formed in one piece, a battery of compressor cylinders formed in one piece and arranged coaxially with the correspondin motor cylinders, pistons in the motor an compressor cylinders, rods connecting the pistons of the coaxially arranged cylinders, a suction chamber arranged between the motor and compressor cylinders, a compression chamber above the latter, suction valves carried by the compressor pistons, and discharge valves hetween the latter and compression chamber.

6. In a compressor of the character described, the combination of coaxially arranged motor and compressor cylinders, a

piston in the motor cylinder, a hollow piston in the compressor cylinder, rods connecting the pistons together, a suction chamber between the coaxiallyarranged cylinders, a suction valve arranged to close one end of the compressor piston and automatically movable therefrom during the suction stroke of the pistons, a compression chamber arranged to communicate With the compressor cylinder, and a discharge valve arranged to open into the compression chamber during the compression stroke of the pistons In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name.

i BALLOIRA. 

